Vol. 18 No. 1 | ISSN: 0834-1729
TAKE THE BITE OUT OF MOSQUITOES DURHAM REGION:
WEST NILE VIRUS
Evidence of West Nile first appeared in New York State in the late summer of 1999. In preparation for the potential occurrence of West Nile Virus in Durham Region, the Rapid Risk Factor Surveillance System (RRFSS) surveyed 401 Durham Region adults aged 18 years and older, from June to September 2001, about what they did to protect themselves from being bitten by mosquitoes.
38% (+/- 5%) stayed away from areas outside of their home or apartment where mosquitoes were likely to bite. This included stagnant water sources such as bird baths and rain barrels as well as shaded, wooded areas.
31% (+/- 5%) limited their outdoor activities in the early evening and early morning hours when mosquitoes were likely to bite. This included activities around their home, in their communities or places they may have visited.
37% (+/- 5%) wore protective clothing or used insect repellent with DEET during their outdoor activities. Protective clothing included long sleeves, long pants and socks.
On windows and doors that were left open in the summer, 81% (+/-4%) had screens in good repair, that is, there were no tears or holes where mosquitoes could get through.
Residents were also asked about what they did to reduce the mosquito populations in the areas around their homes.
81% (+/-4%) did not allow water to collect in areas or objects outside of their homes for more than 7 days. Areas that collect water for more than 7 days are potential breeding grounds for mosquitoes.

The West Nile Virus is spread by mosquitoes that become infected after feeding on birds. Sudden death among bird populations can be an early indicator of West Nile Virus in the area. Starting 15 May 2001, all residents were encouraged to report any sightings of sick or dead birds for potential testing for West Nile Virus to the Health Department. The majority (85% +/- 4%) of residents did not report seeing any dead birds.

In June 2001, 74% (+/- 9%) of Durham Region residents had heard about the West Nile Virus. This percentage continued to improve throughout the summer although the increase was not statistically significant. On 29 August 2001, the first positive bird for West Nile Virus was identified. Since this time, the percentage of residents who heard of West Nile Virus rose significantly to 94% (+/-5%).

Although residents were more aware of the West Nile Virus, similar increases in personal protective or mosquito control measures did not occur.

Findings provided by the Durham Region Health Department. For more information call 905-723-8521 or 1-800-841-2729.
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